Anal Fissure - Causes

• mechanical damage, e.g. due to constipation
• increased tension of the anal sphincter muscles
• ischemia of the anal canal mucosa
• anal gland infection
• inflammation of the skin of the anal verge

When to see a specialist*

Even the slightest bleeding should prompt us to visit a specialist; if left untreated, the disease can lead to serious illnesses such as diseases of the large intestine, rectum and anus, and even cancer.

The course of the consultation

During a medical consultation, the proctologist will interview the patient, perform a general examination, and an examination of the anus. If necessary, he will order additional tests. The tests listed do not require special preparation, they last a short time, the patient may feel some discomfort, but not pain. After performing the examination and collecting the necessary information, the doctor may suggest conservative or surgical treatment.

Conservative treatment

• Diet
  You should switch to a diet rich in fiber and drink at least 2 liters of water a day. This action is to prevent constipation.
• Lifestyle
  Your doctor may recommend quitting smoking, exercising, limiting alcohol, and losing weight.
• Hygiene recommendations
  Wearing appropriate underwear, taking care of intimate hygiene, the proctologist will present detailed procedures at home.
• Sitz baths
  Also known as herbal baths.
• Medications
  All medical products should be prescribed by a doctor, as some preparations may be harmful or even exacerbate the course of the disease.

Surgical treatment

The procedure involves a so-called lateral, partial section of the sphincter muscle and curettage of the fissure, in some cases the sentinel (skin lump) is removed. Surgical treatment is very effective, it leads to the quick recovery of chronic anal fissure. The procedure is performed with the assistance of an anesthesiologist, who together with the patient determines the method of anesthesia. Immediately after the procedure, pain and bleeding from the operated area may occur. The patient leaves the Clinic after one day, with post-operative recommendations, and at the designated time appears for check-ups

An anal fissure is a long, narrow, elongated, shallow tear in the mucous membrane – the anoderm, or skin located in the anal canal. There are two clinical forms of anal fissure: acute and chronic. The acute form begins suddenly, with severe pain, bleeding and burning, most often during defecation. The discomfort lasts for several hours, and the symptoms recur. An acute fissure becomes a chronic fissure as a result of untreated or ineffective treatment. In the chronic form, surgical treatment is mainly used.